Politics, Media Systems and Governance The Battle over...

A vast deal of effort has been done in comparative analysis in the field of political communication. However, following Pfetsch and Esser (2014), it is clear that this area of study is still under construction and several questions remain open. At the same time, an important part of the research in this area has been done in industrialized countries. A enormous region of more than half a billion people as Latin America represents a challenge to undergo appropriate inquiry in order to understand the close relationship between politics and communication and its effect on governance and public opinion. In this context, we are interested in seeing how the media relate to politics in Latin America. Moreover, we want to study how this†¦show more content†¦In press conferences, Correa or Chavez berated journalists for not freely exercise their function and serve the editorial line of the media they work for. On the other hand, in several countries, the media have reported that the government has violated their right to inform and has limited the fundamental right to freedom of expression. The way media treat and present the issues serve the public as an input for the evaluation of governmental management. Introducing often negative aspects, it is expected that the perception of individuals towards the government would not be positive. Understanding governance as the process through which we reach decision-making and that this process involves both public officials and citizens interested in particular aspects, it can be assumed that political communication play a vital role. In this sense, the media can interfere the decision-making process affecting public perceptions that in turn put pressure on those responsible of the administration. The effectiveness of government is one of the indicators through which governance is assessed in a country. The media and politicians to the public express their agreement or disagreement regarding the performance of the administration. Both justify to the public the way they defend their interests using the tools of political communication . To do this, these actors design their message in a way that maximizes the impactShow MoreRelatedThe Cuban Revolution Through The Examination Of The Historical Context Of Politics2102 Words   |  9 Pagesof Salsa, writes, â€Å"Late at night, in a discotheque in a Latin American country whose political system is dominated by the military and is not particularly known for its respect for human rights, a crowd is dancing salsa, a generic term covering Caribbean dance music† (149). This has been and continues to be a very commonly accurate depiction of many Latin American countries. Since Cuba was founded in October 1492, its government and politics has been characterized by brutality, corruption and instabilityRead MoreTriple Bottom Line5612 Words   |  23 Pagesmay now be headed. The late 1990s saw the term ‘triple bottom line’ take off. Based on the results of a survey of international experts in corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable development (SD), Figure 1.1 spotlights the growth trend over the two years from 1999 to 2001. As originator of the term, I have often been asked how it was conceived and born. As far as I can remember – and memory is a notoriously fallible thing – there was no single eureka! moment. Instead, in 1994 we had beenRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pages GP NOTES 2010 (ESSAY) Content Page 1. Media a. New vs. Traditional b. New: narcissistic? c. Government Censorship d. Profit-driven Media e. Advertising f. Private life of public figures g. Celebrity as a role model h. Blame media for our problems i. Power + Responsibility of Media j. Media ethics k. New Media and Democracy 2. Science/Tech a. Science and Ethics b. Government and scientist role in science c. Rely too much on technology? d. Nuclear technologyRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesStephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited Read MoreWater as a Source of Future Conflict in Sa26984 Words   |  108 Pagesimportance of water has increased much. Some 2 billion people† already lack water supplies. Water use has risen six-fold over the past 70 years. By 2050, it is estimated that 4.2 billion people live in countries that cannot meet people’s daily basis needs. South Asia is a region of water abundance and scarcity. â€Å"Issues concerning water allotment are the basic strategic distress over the state relations billion people will be† (Kshatri 2004, 4). 2. The melted snow of the Himalayas plays an importantRead MoreEffects of Corruption in the Phil.14311 Words   |  58 PagesINTRODUCTION Our report covers the major effects of corruption in the economy of the Philippines. We focused on the many issues caused by corruption being faced by the government today. We also included some essays and opinions from several users online. The first part of our report is the definition of corruption and its cause. To introduce our topic, we first defined what corruption is. We included a definition taken from the website of Philippine Anti-Graft Commission, the government agency taskedRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pagesaid of implanted technology: The case of Cochlearâ„ ¢ – an Australian C A S E O N E high-technology leader Delta Faucet: Global entrepreneurship in an emerging market C A S E T W O DaimlerChrysler: Corporate governance dynamics in a global company C A S E T H R E E Gunns and the greens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in the Sydney indie music industry C A S E F I V E Nucor in 2005 C A S E S I X News Corp in 2005: Consolidating the DirecTV acquisition C A S E S E V E N ShanghaiRead MoreEthics of Information Communication Technology (Ict)27618 Words   |  111 Pagesinformation and knowledge, and as such, should be guaranteed as a basic right to all human beings. All over the world, rights that are already legally recognised are daily being violated, whether in the name of economic advancement, political stability, religious causes, the campaign against terrorism, or for personal greed and interests. Violations of these rights have created new problems in human social systems, such as the digital divide, cybercrime, digital security and privacy concerns, all of whichRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesissues in the text and/or provide practical examples of how business and public sector organisations are managing strategic issues. The case studies which follow allow the reader to extend this linking of theory and practice further by analysing the strategic issues of speciï ¬ c organisations in much greater depth – and often providing ‘solutions’ to some of the problems or difï ¬ culties identiï ¬ ed in the case. There are also ov er 33 classic cases on the Companion Website. These are a selection of casesRead MoreHonour Killing in Pakistan19346 Words   |  78 Pageswhat legal and judicial obstacles stand in the way of putting an end to the abuse of killing women in the name of honour. The first part is mainly theoretical and analytical. In this part a set of concepts is theorized as the notion of patriarchy, public/private division and cultural globalization. These theories test the empirical data of â€Å"honour killing† in the last decade and try to find their role in the society of Pakistan. This study also analyzes the â€Å"honour killing† cases in a different way

Discuss and Evaluate Vygotskys Theory of Cognitive...

Discuss Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development (8+16) Vygotsky proposed that children’s development is affected by their culture and social interaction. He also suggested that children are not born with knowledge but they gain it through their social interactions with peers and adults; he does not rule out the importance of biological processes but proposes an interdependent relationship between biological development alongside social activity and cultural interaction. Since language is our means of communicating cultural knowledge, it is extremely important in this theory. Vygotsky was particularly interested in the relationship between language and thinking processes; he believed language was crucial for cognitive development.†¦show more content†¦If a child has a fairly large ZPD then they may require more help; the ZPD can differ for children as some may be capable of working independently while others may require some support. Vygotsky also introduced ‘scaffolding’, which is the term referred to when parents, teachers and others help a child to acquire knowledge and skills. McNaughton and Leyland (1990) experimented with jigsaws of increasing difficulty; the amount of scaffolding/help mothers gave their children was directly related to the difficulty of the jigsaw. Below the child’s ZPD, the help they received was more like the mothers joining in with the task. A harder jigsaw within the child’s ZPD require d more assistance and guidance from the mother until child’s ability improved as they crossed the ZPD. Vygotsky may have overplayed importance on social influences because he suggests that child’s cognitive development occurs through social interactions, for example children do internalisation of problem solving via mutual interactions. However, if social learning is the essence of cognitive development then learning would be a lot faster than it is. Thus Vygotsky ignores the biological aspects that aid or restricts the cognitive development such as the development of brain and maturation. Therefore Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is different toShow MoreRelatedEssay about Aviation/Aerospace Psychology736 Words   |  3 Pagesthough training in the aircraft can not be totally replicated, the simulator does add its own merit within the pilot training program. 3. List and briefly outline Piagets four stages of cognitive development. How does Vygotskys theory differ from that of Piaget? a. Piaget’s theory was older children think qualitatively different than younger children. At each of their successive stages, it’s not just a matter of doing something better but doing something totally differentRead MoreThe Theories Of Child Development2240 Words   |  9 PagesThis assignment will discuss the main theories of child development and discuss the main principles across all area of development. The assignment will also evaluate an observation conducted on a child and link their behaviour to relevant child development theories. The assignment will firstly highlight some child development theories from behaviourists such as Bandura, humanists such as Maslow and constructivists such as Piaget. Secondly the child’s observation will be discussed and evaluated hereRead MoreChapter Of Historical Thinking And Other Unnatural Acts963 Words   |  4 Pagesview, or appreciation of, history or the â€Å"historic sense.† I feel it does not aid in the development of critical thinking skills or â€Å"the invaluable mental power which we call judgment† if not directly supported by other practices. Wineburg goes on to discuss various arguments proposed by researchers and academia on the best ways to teach and to assess the historical education of students. He notes the development of a â€Å"doggedly factualist approach† to the teaching and learning of history, and the â€Å"ascentRead MoreA Study On Male High School Student1505 Words   |  7 Pagesin the role he is given. Developmental Patterns Jayden’s consistently showed evidence of academic thought during class. He was able to follow recipes and make decisions along the way as to how to carry out those directions. However, his cognitive development did not reflect higher order thinking. Most of the thinking the student exhibited would be considered application based on Bloom’s Taxonomy. He was given a recipe to follow and was complete it based on his ability to follow loose directionsRead MoreEssay on EDU701 COURSE1519 Words   |  7 PagesCOURSE INFORMATION Course Information Course: EDU701 Education and Human Development Semester: Sep 2013 Year: 2013 Phone: 03-55227401 Core Person /Instructor: Associate Prof. Dr. Ros Aizan Yahaya Email: dr.rosyahaya@gmail.com Office Hours By Appointment Texts Fagerlind, Ingemar and Saha, Lawrence, J. (1986). Education and National Development: A Comparative Perspective, New York: Pergamon Press. Ohmahe, Kenichi (1991), Beyond National Borders, Tokyo: Bantam Books. Olson, David, R. (Ed)Read MoreEvaluation Of A Classroom At The School Age Child s Theory Of Mind Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagesnamed Sarah has many words to remember for a project, she can use rehearsal to effectively remember the necessary words. Rehearsal is an activity that involves repeating the information to herself. Additionally, language expertise predicts the development of rehearsal in the early grade school years, perhaps because a clear vocabulary size and ability to automatically name items is required for children to use the strategy (Berk, 437, 5). In an educational setting, teachers can encourage studentsRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology14082 Words   |  57 PagesPOINT OF VIEW ON THE BASIC ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT. DETERMINE, DISCUSS AND EVALUATE THE POINT OF VIEW OF VYGOTSKY’S SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY AND THE INFORMATION PROCESSING APPROACH WITH REGARD TO THE ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT (CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS) * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT: ONE OR MANY * FACTORS THAT DETERMINE DEVELOPMENT (NATURE/NURTURE) Introduction Child development has many theories with different ideas about what children are likeRead MoreSantrock Edpsych Ch0218723 Words   |  75 Pages02-EdPsy-Chap02-6123 8/22/06 2 3:33 PM Page 32 Physical and Cognitive Development Preview Examining the shape of children’s development allows us to understand it better. Every childhood is distinct, and is the first chapter in a new biography. This chapter is about children’s physical and cognitive development. These are some of the questions we will explore: †¢ Do children develop in distinct stages, or is their development smoother and more continuous? †¢ How do children develop physicallyRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology14091 Words   |  57 PagesOF VIEW ON THE BASIC ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT. DETERMINE, DISCUSS AND EVALUATE THE POINT OF VIEW OF VYGOTSKY’S SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY AND THE INFORMATION PROCESSING APPROACH WITH REGARD TO THE ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT (CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS) * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT: ONE OR MANY * FACTORS THAT DETERMINE DEVELOPMENT (NATURE/NURTURE) Introduction Child development has many theories with different ideas about what children areRead MoreHow People Learn3958 Words   |  16 PagesThere are many different theories on how people learn. This paper will summarize in the next chapter, a range of conventional learning theories. In the third chapter, this paper will discuss on how children learn, concentrating on Piagets theory and Vygotskys social cognition theory. Finally the fourth chapter will discuss on the subject of adult learning theories particularly on Knowles theory of andragogy. CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF LEARNING SENSORY STIMULATION THEORY Traditional sensory stimulation

Marketing Nonverbal Communication and Reflective Thinking

Chapter 1 Career Success Begins With Communication Skills Multiple Choice 1. One of the fastest ways to ensure your career success is to a. learn how to design Web pages. b. post a persuasive rà ©sumà © online. c. develop excellent communication skills. d. invite your boss out to lunch periodically. ANS: c REF: p. 2 TYPE: Con DIF: 3 TOP: Communication Skills: Your Ticket to Work or Your Ticket Out the Door NOT: Developing excellent communication skills is one of the fastest ways to ensure your career success. AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion 2. On the job you are more likely to be taken seriously and promoted if you a. look and sound professional. b. frame†¦show more content†¦AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion 8. You can improve your listening skills if you follow tips for active listening, including a. keeping an open mind, establishing a receptive mind-set, and listening between the lines. b. establishing a receptive mind-set, concentrating on appearance and delivery, and sifting information through biases. c. capitalizing on lag time, concentrating on your next comment, and taking as many notes as possible. d. All answer choices are correct. ANS: a REF: p. 12 TYPE: Con DIF: 3 TOP: Improving Listening Skills NOT: Active listening tips include stopping your talking, controlling your surroundings, establishing a receptive mind-set, keeping an open mind, listening for main points, capitalizing on lag time, listening between the lines, judging ideas and not appearances, holding your fire, taking selective notes, and providing feedback. They do not include using biases or concentrating on appearances or your own next comment. AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion 9. Your boss is giving instructions for a new method of keeping expense accounts. However, you find it difficult to concentrate because you think the change is unnecessary. What type of barrier to effective listening are youShow MoreRelatedThe Advantages of Having Good Communication Skill1614 Words   |  7 PagesCommunications   Reflective   Essay       Communication is undoubtedly one of the most important skills to hone. Being able to communicate effectively and clearly in your own environment and comfort zone may seem challenging enough, but it increases exponentially in a different culture. Globalization is unavoidable in this day and age, and therefore being able to communicate in the face of cultural diversity is more important than ever. There are two parts of communication that holdRead Moreï » ¿Chapter 1—Communication Skills as Career Filters8514 Words   |  35 PagesChapter 1—Communication Skills as Career Filters MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. 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Answer: T AACSB: Reflective Thinking Skills Management control refers to any planned and systematic activity directed toward providing consumers with products of appropriate quality, along with the confidence that products meet consumers’ requirements. Answer: F AACSB: AnalyticRead MoreHR CHAPTER 711245 Words   |  56 Pagestoday or tomorrow, and behavioral interviews ask applicants to describe how they reacted to actual situations in the past. Job-related interviews ask job-related questions to assess the applicant s ability to perform the job. Diff: 3 AACSB: Reflective thinking skills Chapter: 7 Objective: 1 Skill: Concept Learning Outcome: Describe effective interviewing techniques 10) Which of the following statements is representative of what might be asked in a behavioral interview? A) Consider a time when youRead MoreOrganizational Analysis: Apple Inc. Essay5115 Words   |  21 Pagesall. At apple he established a culture that would help him achieve his legacy. 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Customer Paradigms ................................Read MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesGroup Decision Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Factors in Making Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 5—Strategic Planning—Thinking and Doing. . . . . . . . . . . 93 Planning Strategically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Planning—The Outcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Environment—The Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Environment Protection free essay sample

Environmental modification is as old as the history of human development. In the last century, development and modification have come much faster then ever before. While it took a few thousand years for man to pass from Paleolithic to Neolithic tools, it has taken less than a century to modify conventional weaponry to nuclear devices. Development has been so rapid that nature has not had time to adapt to these changes and to human requirement and greed. The last century has seen an unmanageable increase in population, placing a remendous burden on natural resources. There is not enough food for the worlds hungry. Also, the earth itself is worn out due to excessive farming, use of chemicals and pesticides and excessive use of ground water. Water resources are badly polluted and emission of toxic fumes from industry and vehicles has deprived us of clean air. Industrialisation and a growing consumer economy have led to the creation of huge megapolises with their problems of undisposed garbage and uncontrolled sewage. To combat these problems, world bodies like he United Nations and the World Commission on Environment and Development have been formulating ideas for environmental protection and sustainable development. Several international conferences have been held on this subject, starting with the first one in Tbilisi in 1977 to the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, the Population Summit at Copenhagen, the world Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg and several others. It is clearly evident that 25 years after the first conference in Tbilisi, there has not been an appreciable change in lifestyles or the evel of awareness. Countries have put their own interests ahead of environmental protection and the future of coming generations. What has been Indias stand on environmental protection? How far has our governing body succeeded in their avowed aims of cleaning up the environment? Various acts have been passed down the years, too innumerable to be put down here. The Ministry of Environment and Forests laid down its objectives: A. Conservation survey of flora, fauna, forests and wildlife B. Prevention and control of pollution C. Afforestation regeneration of degraded areas D. Protection of environment, all within the frame work of legislations. The main tools utilized for this include: and impact assessment B. Control of pollution C. Regeneration programmes D. Support to organizations and NGOs E. Research to solve solutions F. Training to augment the requisite manpower A. Surveys G. Collection and dissemination of environmental information H. Creation of environmental awareness among all sectors of the countrys population. Through the years, the ministry has passed innumerable laws to help them in their task of environmental protection. Sadly, all the regulations and acts have not done enough misuse of the laws and ruthless exploitation of the land, leading to ecological destruction and social injustices. Most leaders of industry, too, have been lacking in a social conscience. They have exploited our countrys resources and polluted our earth, water and air. Public apathy has not helped either. We, as citizens of this country have not made our voices heard. The openings up of our economy and globalization have put a greater pressure on our resources, further vitiating our fragile eco-system. A recent trend which is eartening to note is the role of the Indian Judiciary in environmental protection, which has adopted public interest litigation (PIL) for the cause of environmental protection. This has proved an effective tool. For example, an attempt to acquire forest land and change the course of the River Beas to facilitate the construction of a motel was made by a company reportedly having direct links with the family of Kamal Nath, former Minister of Environment and Forests. The Supreme Court quashed the prior approval granted by the central government for leasing out forest land and also he lease deed between the government of Himachal Pradesh and the company. The Government of Himachal Pradesh was asked to ensure that the space was restored and that there was no construction on that area. The culprit company was strictly directed to end and remove all construction and had to pay for the restoration of the areas ecology. It was also clarified that the river and surrounding region was and would remain public property. This is a very small step when what is needed are giant strides in an eco friendly direction. The crying need of the hour is to educate the public and make them aware of their rights as citizens of this country to a clean environment, to clean water, clean air and clean surroundings. They must act together to fight corruption in governance and ruthless exploitation by the captains of industry. A strategy for environmental protection could be adopted: a. Reduce fertility rates and control population, reducing pressure on natural resources; b. Phase out non-renewable inputs in energy, agriculture and industry c. Educate and inform the people about the gains of environmental protection and ustainable development. They MUST stand up for their rights. There is still hope for us. We can, to a certain degree, reverse the process of degradation of our surroundings, for Mother Earth is forgiving and able to heal her wounds if we do not inflict more grievous ones on her. As Paul Bigelow Sears said, How far must suffering and misery go before we see that even in the day of vast cities and powerful machines, the good earth is our mother and that if we destroy her, we destroy ourselves. So we should act today for a better tomorrow for our children.